Secondly, a geographical position algorithm is proposed to identify the geographical locations of households. Firstly, a mathematical formula is developed by considering the demographic determinants that influence energy consumption, such as the number of persons per household, median age, occupancy rate, households with children, and number of bedrooms per household. In this paper, three contributions are made by combining the key demographic factors of households to estimate household energy consumption. The existing literature is not consistent in identifying these factors, nor in proposing how they can be combined. Explaining these energy transitions requires combining insights from the disciplines investigating these factors. ![]() Overall, the optimal sizing and siting approach we proposed not only reduces the voltage fluctuations and required battery capacities but also promotes circular economy by lowering the resources in the BESS planing for ancillary services.ĭemographic factors, statistical information, and technological innovation are prominent factors shaping energy transitions in the residential sector. The total BESS capacity in the European and Australian grids was decreased by 41.48 percent and 48.06 percent, simultaneously compared with the methodologies for reducing the voltage fluctuations. Compared to the existing methodologies for mitigating over-voltage, the net required BESS capacity for the European and Australian feeders was reduced by 7.21 percent and 9.58 percent, respectively. ![]() It is found that the proposed method successfully reduces the BESS costs and provides an appropriate estimation of how the BESS installations can provide grid voltage support. To validate, the proposed method is applied to an IEEE European low voltage feeder and a modified version of this test feeder to an Australian scenario using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The implications of introducing BESS operation cost at the planning stages are demonstrated by solving four different optimization problems with the costs defined as over-voltage, voltage fluctuations, BESS costs (investment, O&M costs), and multiple objective operations. This method incorporates the cost of BESS operation in the planning stages to provide an accurate estimate of BESS for grid support. A novel method for optimal siting and sizing of commercially available residential BESS for ancillary support in low voltage residential feeders is proposed. In this paper, BESS planning is re-imagined from a circular economy perspective that primarily allows the optimal use of battery capacities without compromising the grid support. The BESS planning is more critical where only selected cost parameters were considered, and the sustainability aspects were ignored in most cases. On Sunday, NTSB Chair Jennifer Homendy said that Shaw’s attempt to set safety goals are not up to the board’s standard.Due to fast response time and the ability to charge and discharge efficiently, the battery energy storage system (BESS) has become a promising option for ancillary services in low voltage networks. Shaw promised senators on Thursday that Norfolk Southern will clean the East Palestine site “safely, thoroughly and with urgency.” He also said he is committed to improving the company’s culture of safety, but refused to pledge to several safety-specific actions lawmakers presented to him. Last Tuesday, Norfolk Southern said one of its conductors was killed in Cleveland, Ohio, when he was “struck by a dump truck as a Norfolk Southern train was moving through a crossing” at a steel facility. The company has also come under scrutiny after another of its freight trains derailed earlier this month near Springfield, Ohio. Norfolk Southern’s CEO, Alan Shaw, testified before the Senate on Thursday – over a month after one of the company’s trains carrying 20 cars worth of hazardous material derailed in the small Ohio town of East Palestine, creating a fiery disaster that threatens residents’ health and safety. The National Transportation Safety Board said on Sunday that Norfolk Southern’s proposed safety goals are “not robust enough,” after the railroad giant experienced several recent accidents that include the derailment of a train carrying toxic chemicals in rural Ohio.
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